As stated in the main glossary, anaerobic wastewater treatment is simply wastewater treatment that takes place with a process that has an absence of oxygen. Anaerobic bacteria microorganisms breakdown or digest the solid waste.
The primary difference between aerobic and anaerobic wastewater treatment is obvious, the presence or absence of oxygen and hence the presence or absence of aerobic or anaerobic bacteria.
With anaerobic digestion, bacteria that thrives without oxygen are present, digesting the solid wastes present in the wastewater. Anaerobic wastewater treatment is also known as anaerobic digestion.
Typically to turbo charge your wastewater treatment you are going to use an aerobic process. However, aerobic wastewater treatment usually requires aeration that requires injection of air or oxygen into the process with more hardware and power requirements. Anaerobic wastewater treatment can, on the other hand, be a simpler process that costs less. Classic example, the domestic septic tank.
Anaerobic wastewater treatment also can produce methane gas that can be used as a fuel for power generation and other purposes.
Anaerobic wastewater treatment involves anaerobic microorganisms that digest the soluble and insoluble organic solids in the wastewater releasing methane, co2 and other compositions leaving the water cleaner.